The best treatment to keep your kidney healthy is to keep yourself hydrated. Having a healthy diet and creating a relaxed lifestyle can help in coping with the disease. Several home remedies help to reduce the stone size with time and eliminate it from the body. Controlling blood pressure and blood sugar level reduces the risk of kidney problems. Smoking and consumption of alcohol should be avoided for healthy kidneys. Exercises and physical activities help to reduce the risk of kidney damage. Excess use of over the counter medicines should also be prohibited.

The stones build in the kidney and move to the ureter. This hinders the normal function of the urinary system causing problems like urine infection, pelvic pain, rise in blood pressure, renal disorders, etc. Urinary tract stones begin to form in a kidney and travel down the ureter or bladder where they are expected to enlarge. The process of stone formation is called urolithiasis, renal lithiasis, or nephrolithiasis. When the stone reaches the bladder, the chances of passing out of the body through urine are higher. In some cases, the stone becomes lodged in the ureter and blocks the urine flow from the kidney and causes pain.

These are a few conditions which very commonly hinder renal functionality of the body. Damage to kidneys is caused by diabetes, high blood pressure, and various other chronic (long-term) conditions. Kidney disease can lead to other health problems, including weak bones, nerve damage, and malnutrition. Kidney problems also increase the risk of other conditions such as cardiovascular (heart and blood vessel) disease. Some kidney problems should be treated as soon as they are diagnosed such as kidney stones, chronic kidney disease, polycystic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, kidney infection, etc. 

Kidney stones can occur in both sexes and show similar symptoms irrespective of gender. The symptoms may not occur until the stones move in the kidney or pass through the ureter. There are multiple types of kidney stones such as calcium stones, uric acid stones, struvite stones, cystine stones, etc. The leading cause of kidney stones is the lack of water in the body. Treatment of kidney stones is based on their size, location, and type. Small kidney stones pass through the urinary tract without any treatment whereas larger kidney stones block the urinary tract or cause great pain. 

The most common causes of hydronephrosis is acute unilateral obstructive uropathy. This involves a sudden development of an obstruction in one of your ureters. They are commonly blocked by kidney stones, but scarring and blood clots can also lead to acute unilateral obstructive uropathy.

Deposition of calcium and potassium salts in the form of crystals of different sizes is shown in the kidney.

Formation of kidney stones occurs mainly  due to unwanted phase change from liquid to solid form. Therefore, these phases are driven by supersaturation. These stones are mainly composed of calcium and potassium salts, uric acid and struvite crystals.

ESWL (extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy) depends on the size of the stones in the urinary tract. The sound waves act as shock waves to the stones and break them apart into minute pieces which are then passed out through urine easily.