Ovarian cysts are fluid filled sacs which grow in or on the ovaries. Some occur around menstruation time and clear up naturally (functional cysts). Others can remain there and grow in size to that of a grapefruit or larger.
Ovarian cyst rupture is a medical complication in which the cyst ruptures causing intense pain and internal bleeding in the pelvic region. Ovarian cysts rupture when there is too much fluid accumulation inside the sac and the sac cannot withstand the resulting pressure. The sac then simply tears, hence the rupture or burst.
Smaller cysts usually burst (rupture) spontaneously and heal naturally, you may not even be aware of their presence. If you experience symptoms it may feel like menstrual cramps in the lower abdominal region which may have started several days before the cysts rupture.
In some cases, the symptoms are very severe with persistent pain and internal bleeding and one must seek emergency medical attention. In such cases, a large cyst may have suddenly burst or twisted.
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Generally, larger ovarian cysts tend to rupture. There can be various causes to ovarian cyst rupture including:
A ruptured (burst) ovarian cyst is not always accompanied by symptoms, particularly if the cyst is small. However in case of large cyst, rupture symptoms include such as:
A ruptured cyst can causes a sharp and sudden pain in the lower abdominal area. In some women, it may feel like a numbing pain. It generally occurs on that side of the body where the cyst ruptures. Right sided ruptures of ovarian cysts have been seen dominant in various studies.
During periods ruptured cysts are more likely to happen. So, it is not infrequent to miss it as a symptom of ruptured cyst. Bleeding is a well known complication of a ruptured ovarian cyst. Significant bleeding can be potentially catastrophic. Bleeding is common symptom of functional cysts. According to research studies, corpus luteal cysts, in particular, have highly vascular walls, and this may cause significant bleeding.
Cysts may occupy a lot of space in the abdominal area and push the nearby organs causing a pressure on them. Though cyst rupture reduces the pressure, abdominal distension continues since the fluid leaks into the area, causing even more bloating.
Nausea, vomiting, dizziness and low grade fever are some of the other common symptoms of ruptured cysts.
More: Causes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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You may feel one of the following which is indicative of ovarian cyst rupture.
If you’ve had an ovarian cyst rupture, it’s possible you may experience a brown discharge; though there are many other reasons for brown spotting such as:
This usually occurs if you have had an endometriosis cyst, where tissue that usually covers the inner lining of the uterus is displaced to the ovaries and forms a cyst which is commonly known as chocolate cyst.
A chocolate cyst usually varies in size and can be small or large and contains dark blood. This dark coloured blood mixes with your vaginal discharge and form a black, dark or brownish looking discharge after the rupture of the cyst.
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